Infertility refers to the inability of a person or couple to conceive a child despite having regular, unprotected sexual intercourse for an extended period,
typically one year for individuals under 35 years old and six months for those over 35. It can affect both men and women and may stem from various factors, including hormonal imbalances, reproductive system disorders, genetic factors, age, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors. Infertility can be a challenging and emotionally distressing condition for those experiencing it, often requiring medical evaluation and treatment to address underlying issues and increase the chances of conception. Treatment options may include medication, surgery, assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), or adoption.